Jakob M. Helton 🌌
Jakob M. Helton

Astrophysicist | Evolving Universe Postdoctoral Fellow | Science Communicator

About Me

I am currently an Evolving Universe Postdoctoral Fellow at The Pennsylvania State University. I received an A.B. in astrophysical sciences with high honors from Princeton University in addition to an M.S. and Ph.D. in astronomy and astrophysics from the University of Arizona. I spend my time studying (#1) high-redshift galaxies, (#2) high-redshift galaxy clusters, and (#3) the large-scale structure of the Universe. I am a key member of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) in addition to the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) and Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) Science Teams. My contributions to extragalactic astronomy have been featured in national and international press, and I have worked to share my work and acquired knowledge with the broader community. I have extensive experience in academic research, problem solving, public speaking, and technical writing. In addition to my research, I am also a visual artist. I focus on photography and painting, but I have recently started creating digital images and movies. In the coming years, I am hoping to publish a photography book and get my work featured in an art exhibition.

Download CV
Interests
  • Galaxy Evolution
  • Galaxy Formation
  • High-Redshift Galaxies
  • High-Redshift Galaxy Clusters
  • Large-Scale Structure of the Universe
  • Observational Extragalactic Astronomy
Education
  • M.S. and Ph.D. in Astronomy and Astrophysics

    University of Arizona

  • A.B. in Astrophysical Sciences with High Honors

    Princeton University

My Research

When, how, and why did the first stars, galaxies, and galaxy clusters form? In what ways did large-scale structure influence these first structures? And what sources of radiation reionized the Universe? These questions, which drive modern extragalactic astronomy, are core to my research. Using data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), I have worked to: (#1) identify, characterize, and understand galaxies and galaxy clusters in the very early Universe; while (#2) connecting the physical properties of the most distant known galaxies and galaxy clusters with their large-scale environment. In particular, I have made numerous and impactful contributions toward the selection, photometric redshift determination, physical property inference, and interpretation of galaxies and galaxy clusters at the redshift frontier. I have extensive experience interpreting observations from three out of the four instruments on JWST: the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), the Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam), and the Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec), with specific emphases in the low resolution spectroscopic (LRS) observing mode of MIRI and the wide field slitless spectroscopic (WFSS) observing mode of NIRCam.

I believe that sharing knowledge with others, which in turn educates and inspires the future generations of humanity and scientists, is one of the most important and significant activities that we can do as astronomers. To this end, I have spent my time mentoring, teaching, and tutoring local undergraduate students in mathematics and science at both the introductory and advanced level. While an undergraduate student, I co-organized a weekly extragalactic seminar at Princeton University. During graduate school, I co-organized a bi-weekly extragalactic seminar at the University of Arizona, which included lectures and workshops related to using JWST and understanding the high-redshift Universe. I recently started educating amateur astronomers and high school students in Tucson, AZ about JWST. Furthermore, my research related to my help discovering and understanding the most distant known galaxy, JADES-GS-z14-0, has been featured in national and international press, including a blog post from NASA that already has more than one million impressions, and an interview filmed by the University of Arizona that already has more than one thousand views.

First-Author Publications
Complete List of Publications
(2025). Ionizing Photon Production Efficiencies and Chemical Abundances at Cosmic Dawn Revealed by Ultra-Deep Rest-Frame Optical Spectroscopy of JADES-GS-z14-0. eprint arXiv:2512.19695.
(2025). The JADES Origins Field: A New JWST Deep Field in the JADES Second NIRCam Data Release. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Volume 281, Issue 2, id.50, 18 pages.
(2025). Not Just a Dot: The Complex UV Morphology and Underlying Properties of Little Red Dots. The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 992, Issue 1, id.71, 20 pages.
(2025). The z > 9 Galaxy UV Luminosity Function from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey: Insights into Early Galaxy Evolution and Reionization. The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 992, Issue 1, id.63, 24 pages.
(2025). A Systematic Search for Galaxies with Extended Emission Line and Potential Outflows in JADES Medium-band Images. The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 986, Issue 2, id.162, 18 pages.
(2025). SMILES: Potentially Higher Ionizing Photon Production Efficiency in Overdense Regions. The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 986, Issue 1, id.18, 14 pages.
(2025). The Stellar Populations and Rest-Frame Colors of Star-Forming Galaxies at z = 8: Exploring the Impact of Filter Choice and Star Formation History Assumption with JADES. eprint arXiv:2506.02099.
(2025). Resolving the nature and putative nebular emission of GS9422: an obscured AGN without exotic stars. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 540, Issue 1, pp. 851-870, 20 pages.
(2025). The eventful life of a luminous galaxy at z = 14: metal enrichment, feedback, and low gas fraction?. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 696, id.A87, 14 pages.
(2025). Witnessing the onset of reionization through Lyman-alpha emission at redshift 13. Nature, Volume 639, Issue 8056, pages 897-901.
Recent Blog Posts

An Interview about JADES-GS-z14-0

Watch an interview with myself and other scientists from the University of Arizona discussing the discovery of JADES-GS-z14-0, the most distant galaxy currently known with a spectroscopically confirmed redshift!

The Discovery of JADES-GS-z14-0

Read more about how myself and other scientists from the JADES Collaboration discovered JADES-GS-z14-0, the most distant galaxy currently known with a spectroscopically confirmed redshift!

Recent Artwork

My Home Movies

Take a look at my home movies!